The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.